quinta-feira, outubro 03, 2024
Gwen Stefani - 55 anos...!
Postado por Fernando Martins às 00:55 0 bocas
Marcadores: dance, Don't Speak, Gwen Stefani, hip-hop, música, No Doubt, reggae, Rock, rythm and blues contemporâneo, ska
Herman Li, guitarrista e fundador dos DragonForce, comemora hoje 48 anos
Postado por Fernando Martins às 00:48 0 bocas
Marcadores: DragonForce, Herman Li, música, power metal, Through The Fire And Flames
Danny O'Donoghue, o vocalista da banda The Script, celebra hoje 45 anos
Postado por Fernando Martins às 00:45 0 bocas
Marcadores: Danny O'Donoghue, Hall of Fame, música, Rock alternativo, The Script
Os presos políticos católicos norte-irlandeses terminaram a greve de fome há 43 anos...
The 1981 Irish hunger strike was the culmination of a five-year protest during The Troubles by Irish republican prisoners in Northern Ireland. The protest began as the blanket protest in 1976, when the British government withdrew Special Category Status for convicted paramilitary prisoners. In 1978, after a number of attacks on prisoners leaving their cells to "slop out", the dispute escalated into the dirty protest, where prisoners refused to leave their cells to wash and covered the walls of their cells with excrement. In 1980, seven prisoners participated in the first hunger strike, which ended after 53 days.
(...)
The second hunger strike began on 1 March, when Bobby Sands, the IRA's former Officer Commanding (OC) in the prison, refused food. Unlike the first strike, the prisoners joined one at a time and at staggered intervals, which they believed would arouse maximum public support and exert maximum pressure on Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher.
The republican movement initially struggled to generate public support for the second hunger strike. The Sunday before Sands began his strike, 3,500 people marched through west Belfast; during the first hunger strike four months earlier the marchers had numbered 10,000. Five days into the strike, however, Independent Republican MP for Fermanagh and South Tyrone Frank Maguire died, resulting in a by-election. There was debate among nationalists and republicans regarding who should contest the election: Austin Currie of the Social Democratic and Labour Party expressed an interest, as did Bernadette McAliskey and Maguire's brother Noel. After negotiations, and implied threats to Noel Maguire, they agreed not to split the nationalist vote by contesting the election and Sands stood as an Anti H-Block candidate against Ulster Unionist Party candidate Harry West. Following a high-profile campaign the election took place on 9 April, and Sands was elected to the British House of Commons with 30,492 votes to West's 29,046.
Sands' election victory raised hopes that a settlement could be negotiated, but Thatcher stood firm in refusing to give concessions to the hunger strikers. She stated "We are not prepared to consider special category status for certain groups of people serving sentences for crime. Crime is crime is crime, it is not political". The world's media descended on Belfast, and several intermediaries visited Sands in an attempt to negotiate an end to the hunger strike, including Síle de Valera, granddaughter of Éamon de Valera, Pope John Paul II's personal envoy John Magee, and European Commission of Human Rights officials. With Sands close to death, the government's position remained unchanged, with Secretary of State for Northern Ireland Humphrey Atkins stating "If Mr. Sands persisted in his wish to commit suicide, that was his choice. The Government would not force medical treatment upon him".
On 5 May, Sands died in the prison hospital on the sixty-sixth day of his hunger strike, prompting rioting in nationalist areas of Northern Ireland. Humphrey Atkins issued a statement saying that Sands had committed suicide "under the instructions of those who felt it useful to their cause that he should die". Over 100,000 people lined the route of his funeral, which was conducted with full IRA military honours. Margaret Thatcher showed no regret for his death, telling the House of Commons that, "Mr. Sands was a convicted criminal. He chose to take his own life. It was a choice that his organisation did not allow to many of its victims".
Name | Paramilitary affiliation | Strike started | Date of death | Length of strike | Reason for imprisonment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bobby Sands | IRA | 1 March | 5 May | 66 days | Possession of a handgun |
Francis Hughes | IRA | 15 March | 12 May | 59 days | Various offences, including the murder of a soldier |
Raymond McCreesh | IRA | 22 March | 21 May | 61 days | Attempted murder, possession of a rifle, IRA membership |
Patsy O’Hara | INLA | 22 March | 21 May | 61 days | Possession of a hand grenade |
Joe McDonnell | IRA | 8 May | 8 July | 61 days | Possession of a firearm |
Martin Hurson | IRA | 28 May | 13 July | 46 days | Attempted murder, involvement in explosions, IRA membership |
Kevin Lynch | INLA | 23 May | 1 August | 71 days | Stealing shotguns, taking part in a punishment shooting |
Kieran Doherty | IRA | 22 May | 2 August | 73 days | Possession of firearms and explosives, hijacking |
Thomas McElwee | IRA | 8 June | 8 August | 62 days | Manslaughter |
Michael Devine | INLA | 22 June | 20 August | 60 days | Theft and possession of firearms |
Postado por Fernando Martins às 00:43 0 bocas
Marcadores: Bobby Sands, greve de fome, Igreja Católica, IRA, Irlanda, Irlanda do Norte, música, prisioneiros políticos, Reino Unido
A reunificação da Alemanha foi há trinta e quatro anos
Postado por Fernando Martins às 00:34 0 bocas
Marcadores: Alemanha, queda do muro de Berlim, RDA, reunificação da Alemanha, RFA
A Batalha de Mogadíscio começou há trinta e um anos...
CW3 Michael Durant's helicopter Super Six-Four above Mogadishu on 3 October 1993. |
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Belligerents | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
UNOSOM II | Somali National Alliance (SNA)
Alleged: Al-Qaeda |
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Commanders and leaders | |||||||
William F. Garrison | Mohamed Farrah Aidid | ||||||
Strength | |||||||
160 military 12 vehicles (nine HMMWVs) 19 aircraft (sixteen helicopters - 8 Black Hawks and 8 Little Birds) |
4,000–6,000 militiamen and civilian fighters | ||||||
Casualties and losses | |||||||
U.S. 18 killed 73 wounded 1 captured Malaysia 1 killed 7 wounded Pakistan 1 killed 2 wounded |
SNA Militia and civilians
SNA claims a range of 315 to 500 Somali casualties. US sources estimate a range of 1,500 to 3,000 casualties, including civilians. Up to 700+ killed. Est. 1,500+ wounded. 21 captured.
Militia source states 315 killed, 812 wounded
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*Note: Task Force Ranger achieved the mission objectives of capturing specific Aidid lieutenants, but the political fallout from the resultant battle and consequent eventual U.S. withdrawal from Somalia could classify this as a Pyrrhic victory. |
Postado por Fernando Martins às 00:31 0 bocas
Marcadores: Al-Qaeda, Batalha de Mogadíscio, Mogadíscio, ONU, Somália
Pina Manique, o fundador da Casa Pia, nasceu há 291 anos
Postado por Fernando Martins às 00:29 0 bocas
Marcadores: Casa Pia, D. Maria I, Marquês de Pombal, Pina Manique
Ben Orr, vocalista da banda The Cars, morreu há vinte e quatro anos...
Jean-François Millet nasceu há 210 anos
Postado por Fernando Martins às 00:21 0 bocas
Marcadores: França, Jean-François Millet, pintura, realismo, romantismo
Stevie Ray Vaughan nasceu há setenta anos...
Morreu a 27 de agosto de 1990, num acidente de helicóptero em East Troy, que também pôs fim à vida de alguns músicos da equipa de apoio de Eric Clapton.
Postado por Fernando Martins às 00:07 0 bocas
Marcadores: blues rock, country, música, new wave, pop, Pride And Joy, Rock Instrumental, Southern Rock, Stevie Ray Vaughan, Texas blues
Lindsey Buckingham nasceu há 75 anos...!
Lindsey Adams Buckingham (Palo Alto, 3 de outubro de 1949) é um cantor, compositor, guitarrista e produtor musical americano, mais conhecido por ter sido um dos integrantes da banda Fleetwood Mac de 1974 a 1987 e de 1997 a 2018. Fora seu trabalho com o grupo, o músico lançou seis álbuns solo inédito e três registos ao vivo. Como membro dos Fleetwood Mac, foi inserido no Hall da Fama do Rock and Roll em 1998. Foi considerado o 100º melhor guitarrista de todos os tempos pela revista norte-americana Rolling Stone.
Com Lindsey, os Fleetwood Mac tiveram o seu período de maior sucesso, após a transição de banda de blues nos anos 60 até o som pop rock que gerou o álbum Fleetwood Mac (1975), projeto que marcou a sua estreia. A sua participação e influência no grupo se tornou dominante a medida que o sucesso cresceu, estando responsável por parte da composições, arranjos e produção musical de álbuns como Rumours (1977), Tusk (1979) e Mirage (1982), os quais venderam, juntos, mais de 40 milhões de cópias no mundo. Em 1987, logo após gravar o álbum Tango in the Night, o cantor decidiu deixar a banda, retornando apenas em 1997 para o projeto ao vivo The Dance. Buckingham ainda permaneceu no grupo por mais 21 anos, gravando projetos de estúdio e ao vivo, até ser demitido em 2018. Em 2019, o cantor passou por uma cirurgia de emergência por problemas cardíacos.
Buckingham was in the same high school as Stevie Nicks but a year behind her. He started a relationship with Nicks after the breakup of their band Fritz. He then suffered from a bout of mononucleosis, which delayed their move to Los Angeles in 1971. They recorded a studio album together before joining Fleetwood Mac in 1975, while their relationship had broken down by 1977. The breakup was chronicled in a number of songs written by the two, such as "Silver Springs" and "Dreams" by Nicks and "Go Your Own Way" and "Second Hand News" by Buckingham.
Buckingham had his first child, William Gregory, with Kristen Messner on July 8, 1998. Buckingham then married Messner in 2000, and they had two daughters, Leelee in 2000 and Stella in 2004. Buckingham and Messner, who is a photographer and interior designer, have developed homes in Brentwood, Los Angeles, California.
Buckingham underwent emergency open heart surgery in February 2019. His wife Kristen said that "the life-saving procedure caused vocal cord damage, the permanency of which is unclear." He eventually yet slowly recovered at home.
Postado por Fernando Martins às 00:07 0 bocas
Marcadores: Big Love, Fleetwood Mac, guitarra, Lindsey Buckingham, new wave, Rock
quarta-feira, outubro 02, 2024
O químico William Ramsay nasceu há 172 anos
Postado por Fernando Martins às 17:20 0 bocas
Marcadores: gases nobres, gases raros, Prémio Nobel, Química, William Ramsay
Paul von Hindenburg nasceu há 177 anos
Nasceu em Posen, no dia 2 de outubro de 1847. Era o primogénito de Robert von Beneckendorff und von Hindenburg, um conde e médico, e Louise Schwickart, de uma família aristocrática da Saxónia, descendente de Carlos Magno. Foi casado com Gertrud von Sperling (prima de Araci von Sperling), de quem teve: Oskar von Hindenburg, major do Exército, Irmgard Pauline, solteira e Annemarie von Hindenburg, casada com Christian von Pentz.
Educado na escola de cadetes de Berlim, Hindenburg entrou no exército prussiano em 1866, onde esteve cerca de 40 anos, servindo na Guerra das Sete Semanas e na Guerra Franco-Prussiana.
No início da Primeira Guerra Mundial, em agosto de 1914, já retirado da vida militar, aceitou comandar o 8º Exército Alemão na fronteira russa. Ele e o general Erich Ludendorff conseguiram uma estrondosa vitória sobre os russos na batalha de Tannenberg; nomeado marechal de campo em 1916, torna-se, com Ludendorff, responsável pela direção de todas as forças alemãs. Em março de 1917, Hindenburg estabeleceu um sistema de trincheiras através do Norte de França, conhecido pelo nome de "Linha de Hindenburg", só ultrapassado pelos Aliados em outubro de 1918.
Depois da guerra, retirou-se do exército pela segunda vez. Em 1920, nas suas memórias (Mein Leben, "A minha vida") explica que a derrota alemã na guerra teve origem numa revolução interna que pôs fim ao império alemão e estabeleceu a república, em 1919.
Em 1925 foi eleito presidente da República e, apesar de pretender a unidade da Alemanha, promoveu os interesses dos junkers prussianos, isto é, a aristocracia terratenente. Em 1932 - já com 84 anos de idade - voltou a concorrer às eleições presidenciais, como o único candidato capaz de derrotar o partido nazi de Adolf Hitler, o que veio a acontecer.
Em fins de 1932 foi convencido por Franz von Papen a chamar Adolf Hitler à chancelaria. Em 30 de Janeiro de 1933, Hindenburg nomeia Hitler chanceler, a quem o Reichstag (Parlamento) viria a dar poderes ditatoriais; a partir de então, Hindenburg passou a ser uma simples figura decorativa no governo germânico.
Faleceu em 2 de agosto de 1934. Encontra-se sepultado em Elisabethkirche, Marburg, Hessen na Alemanha.Postado por Fernando Martins às 17:07 0 bocas
Marcadores: Alemanha, Hitler, I Guerra Mundial, nazis, Paul von Hindenburg
José Cardoso Pires nasceu há 99 anos...
Postado por Fernando Martins às 09:09 0 bocas
Marcadores: José Cardoso Pires, literatura
Jerusalém caiu há 837 anos...
Chris de Burgh - Crusader
"What do I do next?" said the Bishop to the Priest,
"I have spent my whole life waiting, preparing for the Feast,
And now you say Jerusalem has fallen and is lost,
The King of Heathen Saracen has seized the Holy Cross;"
Then the Priest said "Oh my Bishop, we must put them to the sword,
For God in all His mercy will find a just reward,
For the Noblemen and sinners, and Knights of ready hand
Who will be the Lord's Crusader, send word through all the land,
Jerusalem is lost,
Jerusalem is lost,
Jerusalem is lost,"
"tell me what to do," said the King upon his throne,
"But speak to me in whispers, for we are not alone,
They tell me that Jerusalem has fallen to the hand
Of some bedevilled Eastern heathen who has seized the Holy Land;"
Then the Chamberlain said "Lord, we must call upon our foes
In Spain and France and Germany to end our bitter wars,
All Christian men must be as one and gather for the fight,
You will be their leader, begin the Battle cry,
Jerusalem is lost,
Jerusalem is lost,
Jerusalem is lost,
Ooh, high on a hill, in the town of Jerusalem,
There stood Saladin, the King of the Saracens,
Whoring and drinking and snoring and sinking, around him his army lay,
Secure in the knowledge he had won the day;
A messenger came, blood on his feet and a wound in his chest,
"The Christians are coming!" he said, "I have seen their Cross in the West,"
In a rage Saladin struck him down with his knife,
And he said "I know that this man lies,
They quarrel too much, the Christians could never unite!
I am invincible, I am the King,
I am invincible, and I will win..."
Closer they came, the army of Richard Lionheart,
Marching by day and night, with soldiers from every part,
And when the Crusaders came over the mountain and they saw Jerusalem,
They fell to their knees and prayed for her release;
They started the battle at dawn, taking the city by storm,
With horsemen and bowmen and engines of war,
They broke through the city walls,
The Heathens were flying and screaming and dying,
And the Christian swords were strong,
And Saladin ran when he heard their victory song;
"We are invincible, God is the King,
We are invincible, and we will win!"
"What do I do now?" said the Wise man to the Fool,
"I have spent my whole life searching, to find the Golden Rule,
Though centuries have disappeared, the memory still remains;
Of those enemies together, could it be that way again?"
Then the Fool said "Oh you Wise men, you really make me laugh,
With your talk of vast persuasion and searching through the past,
There is only greed and evil in the men who fight today,
The Song of the Crusader has long since gone away,
Jerusalem is lost,
Jerusalem is lost,
Jerusalem is lost,
Jerusalem."
Postado por Fernando Martins às 08:37 0 bocas
Marcadores: Balião de Ibelin, Chris de Burgh, Crusader, cruzadas, Jerusalém, música, Saladino
O Charlie Brown e o Snoopy fazem hoje 74 anos!
Postado por Fernando Martins às 07:40 0 bocas
Marcadores: banda desenhada, cartoon, Charlie Brown, Peanuts, Snoopy
Música de aniversariante de hoje...
Postado por Pedro Luna às 07:30 0 bocas
Marcadores: música, new wave, pop, Pós Punk, Rock, Shape of My Heart, Sting, The Police
Don McLean faz hoje 79 anos