Map of volcanic systems on the Reykjanes Peninsula. Grindavík is at the south-western end of the Eldvörp–Svartsengi system (marked here as 2)
April 2025 eruption
On 1 April 2025, the eighth eruption in an ongoing volcanic series began at 9:43 UTC, following a series of earthquakes that lasted for few hours. The eruption breached the defensive barriers around Grindavík and prompted the evacuation of the town. The eruption commenced just to the north of protective barriers constructed close to Grindavík. The created orange-red fissure, which expelled smoke and lava, expanded southward rapidly. By roughly 10:00 UTC, the fissure had already penetrated through the defensive walls north of the town, triggering warning sirens throughout the area.
Preceding the eruption, the Icelandic Meteorological Office (IMO) detected an "earthquake swarm" beginning at approximately 6:30 AM WET centered on the Sundhnúkur crater row. Seismic signals indicated stronger activity than earlier recent events, suggesting substantial magma movement beneath the surface.
By 12:35 UTC, the primary fissure had expanded to an estimated length of 1,200 meters. Additionally, a second fissure opened between Grindavík and its protective barriers. The IMO reported that a hot water pipeline broke in northern Grindavík, confirming that significant fault movements had occurred within the town's boundaries. Later in the afternoon, although volcanic activity appeared to diminish significantly, seismic activity continued in the area.
Annotated view of area involved in 2023 seismic disturbances
in Wikipédia
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