Mostrar mensagens com a etiqueta petroleiros. Mostrar todas as mensagens
Mostrar mensagens com a etiqueta petroleiros. Mostrar todas as mensagens
domingo, março 24, 2013
O Exxon Valdez fez estragos ambientais no Alasca há 24 anos
Exxon Valdez (atualmente chamado Dong Fang Ocean e anteriormente conhecido também como Exxon Mediterranean, SeaRiver Mediterranean, S/R Mediterranean e Mediterranean) foi um navio petroleiro que ganhou notoriedade em 24 de março de 1989, quando 50.000 m³ a 150.000 m³ (aproximadamente 257.000 barris) do petróleo que transportava foram lançadas ao mar, na costa do Alasca, depois de o navio encalhar na Enseada do Príncipe Guilherme (Prince William Sound).
Em conseqüência, houve um grande desastre ambiental. Centenas de
milhares de animais morreram nos meses seguintes. De acordo com as
estimativas, morreram 250.000 pássaros marinhos, 2.800 lontras marinhas, 250 águias e 22 orcas, além da perda de milhares de milhões de ovos de salmão. Foi o segundo maior derramamento de petróleo da história dos Estados Unidos. Na época, o navio pertencia à ExxonMobil.
Em 2002, a União Europeia proibiu a utilização de navios petroleiros
de casco simples e o “Valdez”, renomeado “Mediterranean”, foi enviado
para as águas da Ásia.
Em 2007, o Valdez foi convertido num transportador de minérios e renomeado como “Dong Fang Ocean”.
Em 2011, com o nome de “Oriental Nicety,” o navio foi vendido a uma
companhia de demolições indiana, a Priya Blue Industries, a mesma
empresa que, em 2006, tinha atraído má fama após terem afundado um navio
que continha amianto.
Em 2012 o “Oriental Nicety” foi desmantelado na Índia.
in Wikipédia
Postado por Fernando Martins às 13:30 0 bocas
Marcadores: Alasca, Exxon Valdez, petroleiros, poluição
sábado, março 24, 2012
Há 23 anos o petroleiro Exxon Valdez provocou uma das piores marés negras de sempre
3 days after Exxon Valdez ran aground
Workers using high-pressure, hot-water washing to clean an oiled shoreline
The Exxon Valdez oil spill occurred in Prince William Sound, Alaska, on March 24, 1989, when the Exxon Valdez, an oil tanker bound for Long Beach, California, struck Prince William Sound's Bligh Reef and spilled 260,000 to 750,000 barrels (41,000 to 119,000 m3) of crude oil. It is considered to be one of the most devastating human-caused environmental disasters. The Valdez spill was the largest ever in U.S. waters until the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill, in terms of volume released.
However, Prince William Sound's remote location, accessible only by
helicopter, plane, and boat, made government and industry response
efforts difficult and severely taxed existing plans for response. The
region is a habitat for salmon, sea otters, seals and seabirds. The oil, originally extracted at the Prudhoe Bay oil field, eventually covered 1,300 miles (2,100 km) of coastline, and 11,000 square miles (28,000 km2) of ocean. Then Exxon CEO, Lawrence G. Rawl, shaped the company's response.
During the first few days of the spill, heavy sheens of oil covered large areas of the surface of Prince William Sound
According to official reports, the ship was carrying approximately 55 million US gallons (210,000 m3) of oil, of which about 11 to 32 million US gallons (42,000 to 120,000 m3) were spilled into the Prince William Sound. A figure of 11 million US gallons (42,000 m3) was a commonly accepted estimate of the spill's volume and has been used by the State of Alaska's Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and environmental groups such as Greenpeace and the Sierra Club.
Wildlife was severely affected by the oil spill
Some groups, such as Defenders of Wildlife,
dispute the official estimates, maintaining that the volume of the
spill, which was calculated by subtracting the volume of material
removed from the vessel's tanks after the spill from the volume of the
original cargo, has been underreported.
Alternative calculations, based on the assumption that the official
reports underestimated how much seawater had been forced into the
damaged tanks, placed the total at 25 to 32 million US gallons (95,000
to 120,000 m3).
Beginning three days after the vessel grounded, a storm pushed large
quantities of fresh oil on to the rocky shores of many of the beaches in
the Knight Island chain (in this photograph, pooled oil is shown
stranded in the rocks)
in Wikipédia
Postado por Fernando Martins às 14:05 0 bocas
Marcadores: Alasca, Ambiente, desastre, Exxon, Exxon Valdez, maré negra, petroleiros, Petróleo, USA
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